\u003c/strong>Ph: 949-421-9804\u003cbr />Email: \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"mailto:CustomerSupport@rauschertna.com?Subject=\">CustomerSupport@rauschertna.com\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.rauschert.com/en\">www.rauschert.com\u003c/a>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"e0iL-Xp3nwg","type":"section","children":["eTUD-qkJonp"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"emrMckae0NY","content":{"linkText":"BACK TO INDEX","link":{"mode":0,"page":"p5_Fw0TTLi3"}},"type":"w3tbowgsq-","cl":"w3tbowgsq-"},{"key":"e0QsFHnTYPH","content":{"linkText":"NEXT BIZ SERV AD","link":{"mode":0,"page":"pahOD7NhGtj"}},"type":"w3tbowgsq-","cl":"w3tbowgsq-"},{"key":"edhp9mGPCy9","type":"frame","children":["emrMckae0NY","e0QsFHnTYPH"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"eEPBj-QWNEP","type":"section","children":["edhp9mGPCy9"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"etv75JiMNDT","type":"section","cl":"section"},{"key":"e54U0N0Rvmg","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >AUGUST 2023 • VOL. 102, NO. 6\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.ceramics.org/\">www.ceramics.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text pJqhWQuqgTN"},{"key":"ek_jht3aeqB","content":{"src":{"key":"sFQOLEHnRr","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/RxeA9TI6WxduOyIe0VDMVbrlpK92/image/sFQOLEHnRr.svg","ratio":null}},"type":"image","cl":"image"},{"key":"e-xgQPUlnLE","type":"section","children":["e54U0N0Rvmg","ek_jht3aeqB"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"pQyimDwerJT","children":["ecwewAqmq9_","erEvqYyDKZV","eyC-jRCRMGB","egkPVBW3_IX","e0iL-Xp3nwg","eEPBj-QWNEP","etv75JiMNDT","e-xgQPUlnLE"]},{"key":"ekTWw-Enxeu","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1688331176402,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.8,"delay":1.6,"loop":true,"preset":"pulsate","opacity":[0,0.5],"easing":"easeInOutQuad"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1688331176402,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.8,"delay":1.6,"loop":true,"preset":"pulsate","opacity":[0,0.5],"easing":"easeInOutQuad"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1688331176402,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.8,"delay":1.6,"loop":true,"preset":"pulsate","opacity":[0,0.5],"easing":"easeInOutQuad"}}},"custom1":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1688331176402,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.8,"delay":1.6,"loop":true,"preset":"pulsate","opacity":[0,0.5],"easing":"easeInOutQuad"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"e3qGqyQCWbC","content":{"shapeId":"wG8m7SBH1"},"type":"shape","actions":["ekTWw-Enxeu"],"cl":"shape"},{"key":"es1FoTEM4Rr","type":"frame","cl":"frame"},{"key":"ekv67jrjnba","content":{"menu":"UIGoCCyQiq"},"type":"w7Ty9ifjBD","icons":{"left":[512,512,"M256 504C119 504 8 393 8 256S119 8 256 8s248 111 248 248-111 248-248 248zm116-292H256v-70.9c0-10.7-13-16.1-20.5-8.5L121.2 247.5c-4.7 4.7-4.7 12.2 0 16.9l114.3 114.9c7.6 7.6 20.5 2.2 20.5-8.5V300h116c6.6 0 12-5.4 12-12v-64c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12z"],"right":[512,512,"M256 8c137 0 248 111 248 248S393 504 256 504 8 393 8 256 119 8 256 8zM140 300h116v70.9c0 10.7 13 16.1 20.5 8.5l114.3-114.9c4.7-4.7 4.7-12.2 0-16.9l-114.3-115c-7.6-7.6-20.5-2.2-20.5 8.5V212H140c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v64c0 6.6 5.4 12 12 12z"]},"cl":"w7Ty9ifjBD"},{"key":"eaSgdlwRuBo","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003ca target=\"_self\" href=\"/emagazine-acers-bulletin-august-2023/table-of-contents/\">CONTENTS\u003c/a> \u003cstrong >•\u003c/strong> \u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/ht9px0qnrzy729rbkhwz7/Bulletin-August2023_final.pdf?rlkey=rifskiyix6jequnubydlabdld&dl=1\" target=\"_blank\">DOWNLOAD ISSUE\u003c/a> \u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text pJqhWQuqgTN"},{"key":"eA1zXFvyzH0","content":{"link":{"mode":0,"page":"piSiBV_GVN4"}},"type":"external-link","cl":"external-link"},{"key":"e4k13qk0V7G","content":{"shapeId":"axhnTf-Px0"},"type":"shape","actions":["eA1zXFvyzH0"],"cl":"shape"},{"key":"e6T3MPLMFW8","content":{"pageMenu":"UIGoCCyQiq"},"type":"w1br1l0lsu-u06","icons":{"menu":[448,512,"M442 114H6a6 6 0 0 1-6-6V84a6 6 0 0 1 6-6h436a6 6 0 0 1 6 6v24a6 6 0 0 1-6 6zm0 160H6a6 6 0 0 1-6-6v-24a6 6 0 0 1 6-6h436a6 6 0 0 1 6 6v24a6 6 0 0 1-6 6zm0 160H6a6 6 0 0 1-6-6v-24a6 6 0 0 1 6-6h436a6 6 0 0 1 6 6v24a6 6 0 0 1-6 6z"]},"cl":"w1br1l0lsu-u06"},{"key":"eizw3zXmLQf","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"ChileB - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"eL9ffHlktUW"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"ChileB - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"eL9ffHlktUW"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"ChileA - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"esHcm94Kk6N"}},{"trigger":""}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"eAdKMNvWJAe","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >6\u003c/sup> Cambero, F. “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chile-mine-delays-slow-copper-growth-peak-seen-lower-later-regulator-2023-01-25\">Exclusive: Chile mine delays to slow copper growth; peak seen lower, later -regulator\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Reuters,\u003c/em> 25 Jan. 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >7\u003c/sup> Attwood, J. and Fuentes, V. “T\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-05-16/the-green-energy-transition-has-a-chilean-copper-problem\">he green energy transition has a Chilean copper problem\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Bloomberg, \u003c/em>16 May 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >8\u003c/sup> Mihalasky, M.J. et al., “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RLUH4F\">Lithium occurrences and processing facilities of Argentina, and salars of the Lithium Triangle, Central South America\u003c/a>,” U.S. Geological Survey, 2020.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >9\u003c/sup> Cambero, F. “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chiles-lithium-takeover-plan-faces-technical-political-challenges-2023-04-28\" target=\"_blank\">Chile’s lithium takeover plan faces technical, political challenges\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Reuters,\u003c/em> 28 April 2023.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["eizw3zXmLQf"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"ekA3HivNfnJ","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"ChileA - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"esHcm94Kk6N"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"ChileA - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"esHcm94Kk6N"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"ChileB - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"eL9ffHlktUW"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"eEA65kfv5qr","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >1\u003c/sup> “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.iea.org/reports/the-role-of-critical-minerals-in-clean-energy-transitions/executive-summary\" target=\"_blank\">The role of critical minerals in clean energy transitions: Executive summary\u003c/a>,” International Energy Agency. Published May 2021.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >2\u003c/sup> “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/chile-mining\" target=\"_blank\">Chile–Country Commercial Guide: Mining\u003c/a>,” International Trade Administration. Last updated 30 Sept. 2022. Accessed 22 May 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >3\u003c/sup> “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/publications/mineral-commodity-summaries-2023\" target=\"_blank\">Mineral commodity summaries 2023\u003c/a>,” United States Geological Survey. Published 31 Jan. 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >4\u003c/sup> Attwood, J. “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-03-31/chile-copper-output-at-six-year-low-underscores-market-tightness\" target=\"_blank\">Giant Chile mines are struggling just as world needs more copper\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Bloomberg, \u003c/em>31 March 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >5\u003c/sup> Bartlett, J. “‘\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/01/chiles-water-crisis-megadrought-reaching-breaking-point\" target=\"_blank\">Consequences will be dire’: Chile’s water crisis is reaching breaking point\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >The Guardian,\u003c/em> 1 June 2022.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["ekA3HivNfnJ"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"eL9ffHlktUW","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES 6-9: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"esHcm94Kk6N","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES 1-5: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"eh2pu9QnOOt","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumC - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"eIKNL5KUUeb"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumC - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"eIKNL5KUUeb"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumA - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"ezTBvk2XEUZ"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumB - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"ek1c7He13Qd"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"ekbOZdAUpYj","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >15\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://emili.imerys.com/en\">EMILI: Beauvoir Lithium Mining Project\u003c/a>,” Imerys. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >16\u003c/sup> E. De Guire, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://ceramics.org/wp-content/bulletin/2023/pdf/March2023.pdf#page=26\">Imerys: Unlocking the sustainable potential of minerals\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >ACerS Bulletin\u003c/em> 2023, 102(3):24–26.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >17\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.riotinto.com/en/operations/projects/rincon\">Rincon Lithium Project\u003c/a>,” Rio Tinto. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >18\u003c/sup> “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.riotinto.com/en/news/releases/2022/ford-rio-tinto-sign-mou-for-battery-and-low-carbon-materials-supply-to-support-net-zero-future\" target=\"_blank\">Rio Tinto and Ford sign MOU for battery and low carbon materials supply to support net-zero future\u003c/a>,” Rio Tinto, 21 July 2022. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >19\u003c/sup> C. Denina and W. Roelf, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/africa-gears-up-keep-more-profits-lithium-boom-2023-02-09\">Africa gears up to keep more of the profits from lithium boom\u003c/a>,” Reuters. Published 9 Feb. 2023. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >20\u003c/sup> J. Lowry, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5efa5cfea2338111ff757ac7/t/610eec4da48b5e580e71eca2/1628367949992/Lithium+Myths+2021.pdf\">Greatest lithium market myths (updated for 2021)\u003c/a>,” Global Lithium LLC. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >21\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.nrel.gov/transportation/li-ion-battery-supply-chain-database.html\">NAATBatt Lithium-Ion Battery Supply Chain Database\u003c/a>,” National Renewable Research Laboratory. Updated December 2022. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["eh2pu9QnOOt"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"ebLDZKdDy04","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumB - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"ek1c7He13Qd"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumB - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"ek1c7He13Qd"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumA - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"ezTBvk2XEUZ"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumC - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"eIKNL5KUUeb"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"e0tbj8UxYkj","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >8\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://nvlithium.com/bonnie-clair-project\">Bonnie Claire Project\u003c/a>,” Nevada Lithium.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >9\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.riotinto.com/news/releases/2021/Rio-Tinto-achieves-battery-grade-lithium-production-at-Boron-plant\">Rio Tinto achieves battery grade lithium production at Boron plant\u003c/a>,” Rio Tinto, 7 April 2021. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >10\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.riotinto.com/fr-ca/can/news/releases/2022/rio-tinto-starts-demonstration-plant-for-lithium-concentration-in-quebec\">Rio Tinto starts demonstration plant for lithium concentration in Quebec\u003c/a>,” Rio Tinto, 29 Sept. 2022. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >11\u003c/sup> S. Paz (chair), R. E. Kelley (vice chair), et al., “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/news/2022-12/blue-ribbon-commission-lithium-extraction-california-submits-final-report-state\">Report of the Blue Ribbon Commission on lithium extraction in California\u003c/a>,” California Energy Commission, 2022, Publication number: CEC-300-2022-009-D.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >12\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.ameslab.gov/news/ornl-develops-sorbent-to-recover-lithium-from-geothermal-brines\">ORNL develops sorbent to recover lithium from geothermal brines\u003c/a>,” Ames National Laboratory. Published 21 Jan. 2020. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >13\u003c/sup> “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.chemengonline.com/lithium-extraction-prime-time-for-brine\" target=\"_blank\">Lithium extraction: Prime time for brine\u003c/a>,” Chemical Engineering. Updated 1 June 2023. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >14\u003c/sup> K. Cough, “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://themainemonitor.org/lithium-deposit-in-newry-will-fall-under-2017-mining-law\" target=\"_blank\">State complicates Newry couple’s hopes to mine lithium on their property\u003c/a>,” The Maine Monitor. Published 22 July 2022. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["ebLDZKdDy04"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"eMAWywoGQEK","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"CGM-Nano-Pinned-References1","page":"-k2dioA7EV","pageName":"ACerS June-July 2023","key":"efou27BgBvZ"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"CGM-Nano-Pinned-References1","page":"-k2dioA7EV","pageName":"ACerS June-July 2023","key":"efou27BgBvZ"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"ey25_xZUzeL","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >1\u003c/sup> “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/weather-climate\" target=\"_blank\">Climate change indicators\u003c/a>,” United States Environmental Protection Agency. Last updated 1 Aug. 2022. Accessed 20 April 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >2\u003c/sup> “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition\" target=\"_blank\">For a livable climate: Net-zero commitments must be backed by credible action\u003c/a>,” The United Nations. Accessed 20 April 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >3\u003c/sup> “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.unisdr.org/files/53213_bbb.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Build Back Better in recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction (consultative version)\u003c/a>,” United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (2017). Accessed 20 April 2023.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["eMAWywoGQEK"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"eZ1Wmf74KSY","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumA - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"ezTBvk2XEUZ"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumA - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"ezTBvk2XEUZ"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumB - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"ek1c7He13Qd"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"LithiumC - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"eIKNL5KUUeb"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"eaYxQn3ZCRC","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >1\u003c/sup> International Energy Agency, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.iea.org/policies?topic[]=Critical+Minerals\">Policies database: Critical minerals\u003c/a>.” Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >2\u003c/sup> “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2023\" target=\"_blank\">Mineral commodity summaries 2023\u003c/a>,” U.S. Geological Survey, p. 210.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >3\u003c/sup> M. Mann, V. Putsche, B. Shrager, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2022-02/Energy%20Storage%20Supply%20Chain%20Report%20-%20final.pdf\">Grid energy storage: Supply chain deep dive assessment\u003c/a>,” U.S. Department of Energy. Published 24 Feb. 2022. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >4\u003c/sup> A. Mukherjee, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.bccresearch.com/market-research/fuel-cell-and-battery-technologies/battery-e-waste-recycling-market.html\">Battery and other e-waste recycling\u003c/a>,” BCC Research, August 2020, Code: FCB051A.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >5\u003c/sup> L.V. Garcia, Y. C. Ho, M. M. Myo Thant, D. S. Han, J. W. Lim, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11020418\">Lithium in a sustainable circular economy: A comprehensive review\u003c/a>,” Processes 2023, 11(2):418.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >6\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.lithiumamericas.com/usa/thacker-pass\">Thacker Pass\u003c/a>,” Lithium Americas.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >7\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://investor.gm.com/news-releases/news-release-details/gm-and-lithium-americas-develop-us-sourced-lithium-production\">GM and Lithium Americas to develop U.S.-sourced lithium production through $650 million equity investment and supply agreement\u003c/a>,” General Motors Co., 31 Jan. 2023. Accessed 21 June 2023.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["eZ1Wmf74KSY"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"eIKNL5KUUeb","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES 15-21: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"ek1c7He13Qd","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES 8-14: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"efou27BgBvZ","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"ezTBvk2XEUZ","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES 1-7: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"eGQNuIC5QjR","type":"frame","cl":"frame"},{"key":"enHnw2I46e4","content":{"src":{"key":"jR5XQD4u0r","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/RxeA9TI6WxduOyIe0VDMVbrlpK92/image/jR5XQD4u0r.svg","ratio":null}},"type":"image","cl":"image"},{"key":"e4gF60ovM8i","content":{"shapeId":"a8QxIHdLSX"},"type":"shape","cl":"shape"},{"key":"eWVEKs8aU8g","content":{"shapeId":"c8A88ZvqBp"},"type":"shape","cl":"shape"},{"key":"eQmFx6S2MIb","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"Decipher - Pinned - References 1","page":"dda52WCRho","pageName":"ACerS May 2023","key":"eLx09LvEAwR"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"Decipher - Pinned - References 1","page":"dda52WCRho","pageName":"ACerS May 2023","key":"eLx09LvEAwR"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"eAFYwwd4K4d","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >1\u003c/sup> F. Meng, J. McNeice, S. S. Zadeh, A. Ghahreman, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1080/08827508.2019.1668387\">Review of lithium production and recovery from minerals, brines, and lithium-ion batteries\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review\u003c/em> 2021, 42(2):123–141.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >2\u003c/sup> M. Walter, M. Kovalenko, K. Kravchyk, “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NJ05682C\" target=\"_blank\">Challenges and benefits of post-lithium-ion batteries\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >New Journal of Chemistry\u003c/em> 2020, 44(5):1677–1683.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >3\u003c/sup> “Peters et al., “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries5010010\" target=\"_blank\">Exploring the economic potential of sodium-ion batteries\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Batteries \u003c/em>2019, 5(1):10.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["eQmFx6S2MIb"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"efR81jsMfOR","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"USGS - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"e7rhPhH-phf"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/5YlQ6CapVRbr7RUqaPTH7gT1clH2/le-layer-icon-text.svg"}},"name":"USGS - References 1","page":"K3K-RUNS7C","pageName":"ACerS August 2023","key":"e7rhPhH-phf"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"eUwGx-ihyAJ","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >1\u003c/sup> \u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2023\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem >Mineral Commodity Summaries 2023\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va., 2023.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >2\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/02/24/2022-04027/2022-final-list-of-critical-minerals\">2022 Final List of Critical Minerals\u003c/a>,” a notice by the U.S. Geological Survey. 24 Feb. 2022. \u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >3\u003c/sup> J.R. Biden Jr., “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/02/24/executive-order-on-americas-supply-chains\">Executive order on America’s supply chains\u003c/a>,” The White House, 24 Feb. 2021.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >4\u003c/sup> J.R. Biden Jr., “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2022/03/31/memorandum-on-presidential-determination-pursuant-to-section-303-of-the-defense-production-act-of-1950-as-amended\">Memorandum on presidential determination pursuant to Section 303 of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended\u003c/a>,” The White House, 31 March 2022.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >5\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.energy.gov/articles/biden-harris-administration-awards-28-billion-supercharge-us-manufacturing-batteries\">Biden-Harris Administration awards $2.8 billion to supercharge U.S. manufacturing of batteries for electric vehicles and electric grid\u003c/a>,” Department of Energy, 19 Oct. 2022.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >6\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://democrats-science.house.gov/chipsandscienceact\">CHIPS and Science Act\u003c/a>,” U.S. House of Representatives.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >7\u003c/sup> “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.democrats.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/inflation_reduction_act_one_page_summary.pdf\">Summary: The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022\u003c/a>,” U.S. Senate.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["efR81jsMfOR"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"e9ZmCFUOI6l","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"Sinton-Pinned-ReferencesA 8-14","page":"dda52WCRho","pageName":"ACerS May 2023","key":"efb642GemVn"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"Sinton-Pinned-ReferencesA 8-14","page":"dda52WCRho","pageName":"ACerS May 2023","key":"efb642GemVn"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"Sinton-Pinned-ReferencesA 1-7","page":"dda52WCRho","pageName":"ACerS May 2023","key":"eTWr8HkI7M7"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"ecBWkh3nnh0","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >6\u003c/sup> R.L. McGreevy, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/13/46/201\">Reverse Monte Carlo modeling\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >J. Phys. Condens. Matter\u003c/em> 2001, 13:R877–R913.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >7\u003c/sup> Q. Zhou, T. Du, L. Guo, M.M. Smedskjaer, M. Bauchy, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2020.120006\">New insights into the structure of sodium silicate glasses by force-enhanced atomic refinement\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >J. Non-Cryst. Solids\u003c/em> 2020, 536:120006.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >8\u003c/sup> A. Pandey, P. Biswas, D.A. Drabold, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.155205\">Force-enhanced atomic refinement: Structural modeling with interatomic forces in a reverse Monte Carlo approach applied to amorphous Si and SiO\u003csub >2\u003c/sub>\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Phys. Rev. B.\u003c/em> 2015, 92:155205.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >9\u003c/sup> Q. Zhou, Y. Shi, B. Deng, et al., “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2021.121138\">Revealing the medium-range structure of glassy silica using force-enhanced atomic refinement\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >J. Non-Cryst. Solids\u003c/em> 2021, 573:121138.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["e9ZmCFUOI6l"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"eYIjPuah5ay","content":{"showTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"Sinton-Pinned-ReferencesA 1-7","page":"dda52WCRho","pageName":"ACerS May 2023","key":"eTWr8HkI7M7"}}],"hideTriggers":[{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"Sinton-Pinned-ReferencesA 1-7","page":"dda52WCRho","pageName":"ACerS May 2023","key":"eTWr8HkI7M7"}},{"trigger":{"image":{"type":1,"value":[448,512,"M432 32a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v80a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V96H256v336h48a16 16 0 0 1 16 16v16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H144a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h48V96H48v32a16 16 0 0 1-16 16H16a16 16 0 0 1-16-16V48a16 16 0 0 1 16-16z"]},"name":"Sinton-Pinned-ReferencesA 8-14","page":"dda52WCRho","pageName":"ACerS May 2023","key":"efb642GemVn"}}]},"type":"w3KGW2DkF2","cl":"w3KGW2DkF2"},{"key":"eWp34houioR","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >References\u003c/h4>\u003cp >\u003csup >1\u003c/sup> J.C. Mauro, “\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2017.09.001\">Decoding the glass genome\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci.\u003c/em> 2018, 22:58–64.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >2\u003c/sup> M. Bauchy, “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2018.12.004\" target=\"_blank\">Deciphering the atomic genome of glasses by topological constraint theory and molecular dynamics: A review\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Comput. Mater. Sci.\u003c/em> 2019, 159:95–102.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >3\u003c/sup> Q. Zhou, Y. Shi, B. Deng, J. Neuefeind, M. Bauchy, “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abh1761\" target=\"_blank\">Experimental method to quantify the ring size distribution in silicate glasses and simulation validation thereof\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Sci. Adv.\u003c/em> 2021, 7:eabh1761.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >4\u003c/sup> J. Du, “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-15675-0_7\" target=\"_blank\">Challenges in molecular dynamics simulations of multicomponent oxide glasses\u003c/a>,” in: C. Massobrio, J. Du, M. Bernasconi, P.S. Salmon (Eds.), \u003cem >Mol. Dyn. Simul. Disord. Mater. Netw. Glas. Phase-Change Mem. Alloys, \u003c/em>Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015: pp. 157–180.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003csup >5\u003c/sup> H. Liu, Z. Zhao, Q. Zhou, R. Chen, K. Yang, Z. Wang, L. Tang, M. Bauchy, “\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.116\" target=\"_blank\">Challenges and opportunities in atomistic simulations of glasses: a review\u003c/a>,” \u003cem >Comptes Rendus Géoscience\u003c/em> 2022, 354:1–43.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["eYIjPuah5ay"],"cl":"text p6PSNHIXcvt"},{"key":"efb642GemVn","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES 6-9: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"e7rhPhH-phf","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"eLx09LvEAwR","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"eTWr8HkI7M7","content":{"text":"\u003ch3 >REFERENCES 1-5: SHOW/HIDE\u003c/h3>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p7kSYVo0iAY"},{"key":"eZXclCzR9-z","content":{"debug":false},"type":"wl9gVIiyFe","icons":{"close":[448,512,"M400 32H48C21.5 32 0 53.5 0 80v352c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h352c26.5 0 48-21.5 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